Hematology NCLEX Questions
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Question 1 of 5.
When reviewing the client's medical record, the experienced nurse discovers that the client's breast cancer is staged as T4 N3 M1. Which comment made by the experienced nurse to the new nurse is correct?
A. “This client has a 3-cm breast tumor that has spread to only one lymph node.â€
B. “The TNM system is used to classify solid tumors by size and degree of spread.â€
C. “The higher the number in the TNM system, the better the chances are for a cure.â€
D. “This TNM system helps to classify tumors as either well- or poorly differentiated.â€
Explanation: A. The T4 N3 M1 indicates that the client's primary tumor is very large, involves 3 lymph nodes, with distant metastasis (T is the size and extent and ranges from 1-4; N is number of nodes involved, and M1 indicates metastasis). B. This statement is correct. The tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) system classifies solid tumors by size and degree of spread. It is an international system that allows comparison of statistics among cancer centers. C. A higher number means that a more serious situation exists. D. A different rating system is used to define the cell types of tumors as well differentiated (closely resembles normal tissue) or poorly differentiated (tumor that contains some normal cells, but most cells are abnormal).
Question 2 of 5.
The nurse is caring for clients on an oncology unit. Which neutropenia precautions should be implemented?
A. Hold all venipuncture sites for at least five (5) minutes.
B. Limit fresh fruits and flowers.
C. Place all clients in reverse isolation.
D. Have the clients use a soft-bristle toothbrush.
Explanation: Neutropenia increases infection risk; limiting fresh fruits/flowers (B) reduces microbial exposure. Holding venipuncture (A) prevents bleeding, reverse isolation (C) is excessive, and soft toothbrushes (D) prevent gum trauma but are secondary.
Question 3 of 5.
Which medication is contraindicated for a client diagnosed with leukemia?
A. Bactrim, a sulfa antibiotic.
B. Morphine, a narcotic analgesic.
C. Epogen, a biologic response modifier.
D. Gleevec, a genetic blocking agent.
Explanation: Epogen (C) stimulates RBC production, risky in leukemia due to blast proliferation. Bactrim (A) treats infections, morphine (B) manages pain, and Gleevec (D) targets CML.
Question 4 of 5.
The client diagnosed with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is scheduled for a lymphangiogram. Which information should the nurse teach?
A. The scan will identify any malignancy in the vascular system.
B. Radiopaque dye will be injected between the toes.
C. The test will be done similar to a cardiac angiogram.
D. The test will be completed in about five (5) minutes.
Explanation: Lymphangiogram involves dye injection between toes (B) to visualize lymphatics. It's not vascular (A), unlike cardiac angiogram (C), and takes longer than 5 minutes (D).
Question 5 of 5.
Which test is considered diagnostic for Hodgkin's lymphoma?
A. A magnetic resonance image (MRI) of the chest.
B. A computed tomography (CT) scan of the cervical area.
C. An erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR).
D. A biopsy of the cervical lymph nodes.
Explanation: Lymph node biopsy (D) diagnoses Hodgkin's via Reed-Sternberg cells. MRI/CT (A, B) stage disease, ESR (C) is nonspecific.