Hematology NCLEX Questions
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Question 1 of 5.
Extract: The following scenario applies to the next 1 items The nurse is caring for a 54-year-old female in the physician's office Item 1 of 1 History And Physical Medications 54-year-old Caucasian female presenting with concerns about a lump found on her right breast. She discovered the lump two days ago. She denies any pain in the breast or any nipple discharge. On exam, no asymmetry of the breasts was noted. Additionally, the inspection showed no edema or erythema. Nipple inversion and drainage were not present. The bimanual exam had no masses in the left breast or enlarged axillary lymph nodes. The right breast had a pea- shaped mass immovable at the 1 o'clock position. No enlarged axillary lymph nodes. No tenderness with palpation. The client has a medical history of peptic ulcer disease, hypertension, and osteoporosis. She is post-menopausal and never used contraceptive pills. She currently smokes cigarettes and is an 11-pack-year smoker. She drinks 2-3 glasses of red wine daily. Both of her parents are living with no history of cancer. Her body mass index is 27.
Click to specify which finding is or is not a risk factor for breast cancer: F. Body mass index (BMI) 27
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Explanation: A BMI of 27 (overweight) is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer due to higher estrogen levels.
Question 2 of 5.
The nurse is caring for clients on an oncology unit. Which neutropenia precautions should be implemented?
A. Hold all venipuncture sites for at least five (5) minutes.
B. Limit fresh fruits and flowers.
C. Place all clients in reverse isolation.
D. Have the clients use a soft-bristle toothbrush.
Explanation: Neutropenia increases infection risk; limiting fresh fruits/flowers (B) reduces microbial exposure. Holding venipuncture (A) prevents bleeding, reverse isolation (C) is excessive, and soft toothbrushes (D) prevent gum trauma but are secondary.
Question 3 of 5.
Which medication is contraindicated for a client diagnosed with leukemia?
A. Bactrim, a sulfa antibiotic.
B. Morphine, a narcotic analgesic.
C. Epogen, a biologic response modifier.
D. Gleevec, a genetic blocking agent.
Explanation: Epogen (C) stimulates RBC production, risky in leukemia due to blast proliferation. Bactrim (A) treats infections, morphine (B) manages pain, and Gleevec (D) targets CML.
Question 4 of 5.
The client diagnosed with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is scheduled for a lymphangiogram. Which information should the nurse teach?
A. The scan will identify any malignancy in the vascular system.
B. Radiopaque dye will be injected between the toes.
C. The test will be done similar to a cardiac angiogram.
D. The test will be completed in about five (5) minutes.
Explanation: Lymphangiogram involves dye injection between toes (B) to visualize lymphatics. It's not vascular (A), unlike cardiac angiogram (C), and takes longer than 5 minutes (D).
Question 5 of 5.
Which test is considered diagnostic for Hodgkin's lymphoma?
A. A magnetic resonance image (MRI) of the chest.
B. A computed tomography (CT) scan of the cervical area.
C. An erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR).
D. A biopsy of the cervical lymph nodes.
Explanation: Lymph node biopsy (D) diagnoses Hodgkin's via Reed-Sternberg cells. MRI/CT (A, B) stage disease, ESR (C) is nonspecific.
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