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Question 1 of 5.

Extract:Our lives, dis-coloured with our present woes, May still grow white, and smile with happier hours. So the pure limpid stream, when foul with stains Of rushing torrents and descending rains, Works itself clear, and as it runs, refines; Till, by degrees, the floating mirror shines, Reflects each flower that on the border grows, And a new heaven in its fair bosom shows.

The speaker uses the images of the stream primarily to show how

A. unpleasant weather can corrupt and pollute the purity of running water

B. the natural beauty of running water can reflect its surroundings

C. troubled thoughts work themselves out naturally over time

D. time tends to make chaotic thoughts more disruptive

Explanation: The stream’s transformation from muddy to clear mirrors how life’s troubles (“present woes”) naturally resolve over time, restoring clarity and peace. Choice A focuses on pollution, not the resolution; B emphasizes beauty, a secondary effect; D suggests worsening thoughts, opposite to the poem’s message of refinement.

Question 2 of 5.

Which of the following types of pathogens cause influenza in humans?

A. Bacterium

B. Virus

C. Fungus

D. Protozoan

Explanation: Influenza is caused by influenza viruses (family Orthomyxoviridae). Bacteria, fungi, and protozoa can cause other types of infections, but the flu is specifically a viral disease.

Question 3 of 5.

Which of the following articles will best help students understand the literary context of Langston Hughes’s poetry?

A. Technological Modernization and its Influence on Literary Forms

B. The Transcendentalists: Philosophical Beliefs Inspire a Literary Movement

C. How Economic Migration Contributed to an Artistic Revival

D. The Lost Generation: New Methods of Waging War Lead to New Approaches to Art

Explanation: Langston Hughes was a central figure of the Harlem Renaissance—a flourishing of Black art and literature in northern cities driven largely by the Great Migration of African Americans out of the rural South. An article on how economic migration spurred an artistic revival directly illuminates the social and cultural forces that shaped Hughes’s work.

Question 4 of 5.

The period of intense intellectual and artistic endeavor known as the Renaissance began in Italy in the mid-fourteenth century and centered on the ____.

A. recovery of classical learning and Christian theology

B. rejection of transferring pollen between the flowers of a plant

C. return to a medieval worldview of the primacy of the Church and the veneration of images in worship

D. revival of learning in Latin and Greek as well as the spread of writing in the vernacular

Explanation: The Renaissance—literally “rebirth”—marked a renewed interest in the literature, philosophy, and languages of ancient Greece and Rome. Scholars studied Latin and Greek texts and began writing serious works in their native tongues, breaking from the exclusively Church-centered medieval tradition.

Question 5 of 5.

A circular playground has an area of 314 square feet. Which of the following is the best estimate of the radius, in feet, of the playground?

A. 10 feet

B. 25 feet

C. 50 feet

D. 100 feet

Explanation: The area of a circle is given by A = πr². Given A = 314 ft², we approximate π ≈ 3.14, so r² ≈ 314 ÷ 3.14 ≈ 100, and r ≈ √100 = 10 feet. Choices B, C, and D yield areas far larger than 314 ft² when computed (e.g., r = 25 gives A ≈ 1962.5 ft²).

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