NCLEX RN Questions on Endocrine System

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Question 1 of 5.

The nurse prepares to administer intermediate-acting insulin to a client with diabetes mellitus. Place the following actions in the order in which they should be performed when preparing the injection, starting from first to last.

A. Gently roll the bottle of intermediate-acting insulin in the palms of your hands to mix the insulin.
B. Remove air bubbles in the syringe by tapping on the syringe.
C. Inspect the bottle for the type of insulin and the expiration date.
D. Pull back the plunger to draw air into the syringe and inject it into the vial.
E. Turn the bottle upside down and draw the insulin dose into the syringe.
F. Clean the rubber stopper with an alcohol swab.

Correct arrangement

C. Inspect the bottle for the type of insulin and the expiration date.
F. Clean the rubber stopper with an alcohol swab.
A. Gently roll the bottle of intermediate-acting insulin in the palms of your hands to mix the insulin.
D. Pull back the plunger to draw air into the syringe and inject it into the vial.
E. Turn the bottle upside down and draw the insulin dose into the syringe.
B. Remove air bubbles in the syringe by tapping on the syringe.

Explanation: Inspect the bottle for type and expiration, clean the stopper, roll to mix, draw air and inject into vial, draw dose, then remove bubbles to ensure accurate, safe administration.

Question 2 of 5.

The nurse has instructed a client with diabetes mellitus (type 1) about proper exercise. Which of the following statements by the client would indicate a correct understanding of the teaching?

A. I should carry a snack rich in protein just in case I feel shaky.

B. I will not take my prescribed daily glargine insulin if I plan on exercising.

C. I can initially expect my glucose level to rise with vigorous exercise, but if I continue exercising, my levels may eventually decrease.

D. I should start my exercise near the time that my insulin peaks.

Explanation: Vigorous exercise can initially raise blood glucose due to stress hormones, but prolonged activity increases glucose uptake by muscles, lowering levels. Carrying a carbohydrate-rich snack, not protein, is best for hypoglycemia. Insulin should never be skipped, and exercising at peak insulin time risks hypoglycemia.

Question 3 of 5.

The nurse preceptor observes a newly hired nurse care for a client with a myxedema coma. It would require follow up by the nurse preceptor if the newly hired nurse is observed

A. applying a cooling blanket to the client.

B. requesting a prescription for hydrocortisone.

C. removing the water pitcher from the bedside.

D. placing an oral endotracheal tube at the bedside for potential use.

Explanation: Myxedema coma is a severe hypothyroid state with hypothermia. A cooling blanket worsens this; a warming blanket is needed. Hydrocortisone addresses adrenal insufficiency, removing water prevents dilutional hyponatremia, and an endotracheal tube is prudent for potential respiratory support.

Question 4 of 5.

The nurse is assessing a client with hyperparathyroidism. Which of the following findings would support a diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism?

A. nephrolithiasis

B. hyperphosphatemia

C. diarrhea

D. halitosis

Explanation: Hyperparathyroidism increases calcium levels, leading to kidney stones (nephrolithiasis). Phosphorus levels drop, not rise, and diarrhea and halitosis are unrelated to this condition.

Question 5 of 5.

The nurse is caring for a client eight hours postoperative following a total thyroidectomy. Which of the following assessment findings indicate that the client is developing a complication?

A. Moderate amount of dried sanguineous drainage on the dressing

B. Oral temperature of 99.2Ã‚Â°F (37.3Ã‚Â°C)

C. Apical pulse of 56

D. The client reports a sore throat when speaking

Explanation: Excessive drainage post-thyroidectomy may indicate hemorrhage, a serious complication. A slightly elevated temperature, mild bradycardia, and sore throat are expected or less concerning in the immediate postoperative period.