NCLEX Questions on Genitourinary System
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Question 1 of 5.
The nurse is preparing the discharge teaching plan for the male client with a left-sided nephrectomy. Which statement indicates the teaching is effective?
A. I can't wait to start back to work next week, I really need the money.
B. I will take my temperature and if it is above 101 I will call my doctor.
C. I am glad I won't have to keep track of how much I urinate in the day.
D. I am happy I will be able eat what I usually eat, I don't like this food.
Explanation: Effective discharge teaching post-nephrectomy includes recognizing signs of infection, such as fever above 101°F, requiring prompt reporting. Returning to work too soon, not monitoring urine output, or resuming a normal diet may be incorrect.
Question 2 of 5.
Which signs/symptoms indicate to the nurse the client is in the recovery period of ARF? Select all that apply.
A. Increased alertness and no seizure activity.
B. Increase in hemoglobin and hematocrit.
C. Denial of nausea and vomiting.
D. Decreased urine-specific gravity.
E. Increased serum creatinine level.
Explanation: In the recovery phase, renal function improves, leading to increased alertness (reduced uremia), resolution of nausea/vomiting, and decreased urine-specific gravity as kidneys concentrate urine. Increased hemoglobin/hematocrit is not typical, and elevated creatinine indicates worsening, not recovery.
Question 3 of 5.
The client diagnosed with ARF is placed on bedrest. The client asks the nurse, 'Why do I have to stay in bed? I don't feel bad.' Which scientific rationale supports the nurse's response?
A. Bedrest helps increase the blood return to the renal circulation.
B. Bedrest reduces the metabolic rate during the acute stage.
C. Bedrest decreases the workload of the left side of the heart.
D. Bedrest aids in reduction of peripheral and sacral edema.
Explanation: Bedrest reduces the body's metabolic demands, minimizing stress on the kidneys during the acute phase of ARF. It does not directly increase renal blood flow, reduce heart workload, or address edema in this context.
Question 4 of 5.
The client diagnosed with ARF is experiencing hyperkalemia. Which medication should the nurse prepare to administer to help decrease the potassium level?
A. Erythropoietin.
B. Calcium gluconate.
C. Regular insulin.
D. Osmotic diuretic.
Explanation: Regular insulin, often given with glucose, drives potassium into cells, temporarily lowering serum potassium levels in hyperkalemia. Calcium gluconate stabilizes cardiac membranes, erythropoietin treats anemia, and osmotic diuretics are not used for hyperkalemia.
Question 5 of 5.
The nurse is developing a nursing care plan for the client diagnosed with CKD. Which nursing problem is priority for the client?
A. Low self-esteem.
B. Knowledge deficit.
C. Activity intolerance.
D. Excess fluid volume.
Explanation: Excess fluid volume is the priority in CKD due to impaired kidney excretion, leading to edema, hypertension, and heart failure risk. Fluid overload is a life-threatening issue, whereas self-esteem, knowledge, and activity intolerance are secondary.