NCLEX Questions on Genitourinary System
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Question 1 of 5.
The nurse is discussing how to prioritize care with the UAP. Which client should the nurse instruct the UAP to see first?
A. The immobile client who needs sequential compression devices removed.
B. The elderly woman who needs assistance ambulating to the bathroom.
C. The surgical client who needs help changing the gown after bathing.
D. The male client who needs the intravenous catheter discontinued.
Explanation: Assisting an elderly woman to the bathroom prevents falls and addresses immediate elimination needs, prioritizing safety. Removing SCDs, changing gowns, and discontinuing IVs are less urgent.
Question 2 of 5.
Which signs/symptoms indicate to the nurse the client is in the recovery period of ARF? Select all that apply.
A. Increased alertness and no seizure activity.
B. Increase in hemoglobin and hematocrit.
C. Denial of nausea and vomiting.
D. Decreased urine-specific gravity.
E. Increased serum creatinine level.
Explanation: In the recovery phase, renal function improves, leading to increased alertness (reduced uremia), resolution of nausea/vomiting, and decreased urine-specific gravity as kidneys concentrate urine. Increased hemoglobin/hematocrit is not typical, and elevated creatinine indicates worsening, not recovery.
Question 3 of 5.
The client diagnosed with ARF is placed on bedrest. The client asks the nurse, 'Why do I have to stay in bed? I don't feel bad.' Which scientific rationale supports the nurse's response?
A. Bedrest helps increase the blood return to the renal circulation.
B. Bedrest reduces the metabolic rate during the acute stage.
C. Bedrest decreases the workload of the left side of the heart.
D. Bedrest aids in reduction of peripheral and sacral edema.
Explanation: Bedrest reduces the body's metabolic demands, minimizing stress on the kidneys during the acute phase of ARF. It does not directly increase renal blood flow, reduce heart workload, or address edema in this context.
Question 4 of 5.
The client diagnosed with ARF is experiencing hyperkalemia. Which medication should the nurse prepare to administer to help decrease the potassium level?
A. Erythropoietin.
B. Calcium gluconate.
C. Regular insulin.
D. Osmotic diuretic.
Explanation: Regular insulin, often given with glucose, drives potassium into cells, temporarily lowering serum potassium levels in hyperkalemia. Calcium gluconate stabilizes cardiac membranes, erythropoietin treats anemia, and osmotic diuretics are not used for hyperkalemia.
Question 5 of 5.
The nurse is developing a nursing care plan for the client diagnosed with CKD. Which nursing problem is priority for the client?
A. Low self-esteem.
B. Knowledge deficit.
C. Activity intolerance.
D. Excess fluid volume.
Explanation: Excess fluid volume is the priority in CKD due to impaired kidney excretion, leading to edema, hypertension, and heart failure risk. Fluid overload is a life-threatening issue, whereas self-esteem, knowledge, and activity intolerance are secondary.