Med Surg RN NCLEX Practice Questions
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Question 1 of 5.
The nurse is developing the discharge teaching plan for a client after a lumbar laminectomy L4-5 who will be returning to work in 6 weeks. Which of the following actions should the nurse encourage the client to avoid?
A. Placing one foot on a stepstool during prolonged standing.
B. Sleeping on the back with support under the knees.
C. Maintaining average body weight for height.
D. Sitting whenever possible.
Explanation: Prolonged sitting can stress the surgical site and delay healing post-laminectomy.
Question 2 of 5.
A client with acute chest pain is receiving I.V. morphine sulfate. Which of the following results are intended effects of morphine in this client? Select all that apply.
A. Reduces myocardial oxygen consumption.
B. Promotes reduction in respiratory rate.
C. Prevents ventricular remodeling.
D. Reduces blood pressure and heart rate.
E. Reduces anxiety and fear.
Explanation: Morphine reduces pain, which lowers myocardial oxygen demand (A), decreases blood pressure and heart rate through vasodilation and reduced sympathetic response (D), and alleviates anxiety and fear (E). It does not prevent ventricular remodeling or directly reduce respiratory rate in this context.
Question 3 of 5.
Which of the following is an expected outcome for a client on the second day of hospitalization after a myocardial infarction (MI)? The client:
A. Has severe chest pain.
B. Can identify risk factors for MI.
C. Agrees to participate in a cardiac rehabilitation walking program.
D. Can perform personal self-care activities without pain.
Explanation: By the second day post-MI, the client should be able to perform self-care activities without pain, indicating stabilization. Severe pain is not expected, and risk factor identification or rehabilitation planning may occur later.
Question 4 of 5.
An older, sedentary adult may not respond to emotional or physical stress as well as a younger individual because of:
A. Left ventricular atrophy.
B. Irregular heartbeats.
C. Peripheral vascular occlusion.
D. Pacemaker placement.
Explanation: Aging leads to left ventricular atrophy, reducing cardiac reserve and impairing the heart's ability to respond to stress, unlike irregular heartbeats or pacemakers.
Question 5 of 5.
The nurse should teach the client that signs of digoxin toxicity include which of the following?
A. Rash over the chest and back.
B. Increased appetite.
C. Visual disturbances such as seeing yellow spots.
D. Elevated blood pressure.
Explanation: Visual disturbances, like seeing yellow spots (xanthopsia), are a hallmark of digoxin toxicity, requiring prompt reporting.