Fundamentals of Nursing NCLEX RN Questions
Home / Nursing & Allied Health Certifications / NCLEX RN / RN Fundamentals of Nursing
Question 1 of 5.
The nurse is caring for a client scheduled for surgery who is nothing by mouth (NPO) status. Which of the following prescription should the nurse clarify with the primary healthcare physician (PHCP)?
A. Lispro insulin 5 units SubQ TID
B. Glargine insulin 15 units SubQ QHS
C. Vitamin B12 100 mcg IM Daily
D. Clonidine patch transdermal TTS-1 0.1 mg/24 hours q 7 days
Explanation: Lispro insulin is a rapid-acting insulin typically administered around mealtimes to manage postprandial glucose levels. Since the client is NPO, they are not eating, so administering lispro insulin could lead to hypoglycemia due to the absence of carbohydrate intake. The nurse should clarify this prescription with the PHCP to ensure safe management of the client's blood glucose levels during the NPO period. Glargine insulin, a long-acting insulin, is appropriate for basal glucose control and does not require clarification. Vitamin B12 and clonidine are unrelated to food intake and safe for NPO status.
Question 2 of 5.
A nurse is caring for a 90-year-old client who has been bedridden at home for two weeks. Which of the following is not an expected finding due to immobility?
A. A decrease in bone density
B. Loss of short-term memory
C. Atelectasis
D. High serum calcium level
Explanation: Immobility causes bone density loss, atelectasis, and high serum calcium due to bone resorption, but short-term memory loss is not directly related to immobility.
Question 3 of 5.
The nurse cares for a client and receives a phone call from the laboratory department regarding a critical sodium level of 122 mEq/L (mmol/L) [135-145 mEq/L, mmol/L]. The nurse should take which initial action?
A. Notify the primary healthcare provider (PHCP)
B. Implement seizure precautions
C. Read back the result for verification
D. Recollect the laboratory specimen
Explanation: Reading back the critical result verifies accuracy, the first step before further action. Notifying the provider, seizure precautions, or recollecting follow verification.
Question 4 of 5.
The nurse is teaching at an interdisciplinary conference focused on age-related changes. Which of the following are expected in the older adult? Select all that apply.
A. Fatty tissue is redistributed
B. Skin becomes less elastic
C. Cardiac output increases
D. Muscle mass increases
E. Hormone production increases
F. Visual and hearing acuity diminishes
Explanation: Aging involves fat redistribution, less elastic skin, and diminished sensory acuity. Cardiac output, muscle mass, and hormone production decrease.
Question 5 of 5.
The nurse is recommending respite care to a client and their caregiver. The nurse understands that this care is designed to
A. Improve the quality of life of clients and families who are experiencing problems related to life-threatening illnesses.
B. Provide a variety of health and social services to specific patient populations.
C. Have clients live with comfort, independence, and dignity while easing the pain of terminal illness.
D. Offers short-term relief by providing caregivers who support the ill, disabled, or frail older adults time to relax.
Explanation: Respite care provides temporary relief for caregivers, allowing them rest. Other options describe palliative or comprehensive care services.
Related Questions