NCLEX RN Med Surg Questions
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Question 1 of 5.
The nurse is assisting a client who has had a spinal fusion apply a back brace. In which order of priority should the nurse assist the client applying the brace?
- A. Have the client in a side-lying position.
- B. Verify the order for the settings for the brace.
- C. Ask the client to stand with arms held away from the body.
- D. Assist the client to log roll and rise to a sitting position.
- B. Verify the order for the settings for the brace.
- A. Have the client in a side-lying position.
- D. Assist the client to log roll and rise to a sitting position.
- C. Ask the client to stand with arms held away from the body.
Correct arrangement
Explanation: Verifying the order ensures correct settings, side-lying positions the client safely, log rolling prevents twisting, and standing allows proper brace fitting.
Question 2 of 5.
A 65-year-old client is admitted to the emergency department with a fractured hip. The client has chest pain and shortness of breath. The health care provider orders nitroglycerin tablets. Which should the nurse instruct the client to do?
A. Put the tablet under the tongue until it is dissolved.
B. Swallow the tablet with 120 mL of water.
C. Chew the tablet until it is dissolved.
D. Place the tablet between his cheek and gums.
Explanation: Sublingual nitroglycerin is administered under the tongue for rapid absorption to relieve chest pain. Other methods (swallowing, chewing, or buccal placement) are incorrect for this medication.
Question 3 of 5.
After a myocardial infarction, the hospitalized client is taught to move the legs while resting in bed. This type of exercise is recommended primarily to help:
A. Prepare the client for ambulation.
B. Promote urinary and intestinal elimination.
C. Prevent thrombophlebitis and blood clot formation.
D. Decrease the likelihood of pressure ulcer formation.
Explanation: Leg exercises prevent venous stasis, reducing the risk of thrombophlebitis and deep vein thrombosis, common complications post-MI due to immobility.
Question 4 of 5.
The client who experiences angina has been told to follow a low-cholesterol diet. Which of the following meals should the nurse tell the client would be best on her low-cholesterol diet?
A. Hamburger, salad, and milkshake.
B. Baked liver, green beans, and coffee.
C. Spaghetti with tomato sauce, salad, and coffee.
D. Fried chicken, green beans, and skim milk.
Explanation: Spaghetti with tomato sauce, salad, and coffee is low in cholesterol, unlike hamburger, liver, or fried chicken, which contain higher cholesterol or saturated fats.
Question 5 of 5.
Which of the following foods should the nurse teach a client with heart failure to limit when following a 2-g sodium diet?
A. Apples.
B. Tomato juice.
C. Whole wheat bread.
D. Beef tenderloin.
Explanation: Tomato juice is high in sodium, which should be limited on a 2-g sodium diet to prevent fluid retention in heart failure.