Gastrointestinal NCLEX Questions
Home / Nursing & Allied Health Certifications / NCLEX PN / Gastrointestinal
Question 1 of 5.
The nurse is admitting the client for a colonoscopy. Which information, if found in the client's medical record, should the nurse consider as the primary reason for this client's colonoscopy?
A. Chronic constipation
B. Urostomy placed 3 years ago
C. History of colon polyps
D. Hemoglobin 10 g/dL
Explanation: A. Although a colonoscopy may be performed to evaluate chronic constipation, this is less likely than evaluation of colon polyps. B. A urostomy is used for urinary diversion following bladder cancer; it does not affect the colon. C. Colonoscopy is used in screening and diagnosing colon cancer and for surveillance in persons with prior history of colon cancer or polyps. This is likely the primary reason for a colonoscopy with this client. D. An Hgb of 10 g/dL is slightly low. This could be a reason for a colonoscopy, especially if there is a pattern of low Hgb levels and the stool guaiac test is positive. However, this is less likely the primary reason than evaluation of colon polyps.
Question 2 of 5.
The male client tells the nurse he has been experiencing 'heartburn' at night that awakens him. Which assessment question should the nurse ask?
A. How much weight have you gained recently?
B. What have you done to alleviate the heartburn?
C. Do you consume many milk and dairy products?
D. Have you been around anyone with a stomach virus?
Explanation: Asking what the client has done to alleviate the heartburn helps the nurse understand the severity, triggers, and any self-management strategies, which are critical for assessing GERD. Weight gain, dairy consumption, or exposure to a stomach virus are less directly related to the immediate assessment of heartburn symptoms.
Question 3 of 5.
The nurse is caring for an adult client diagnosed with GERD. Which condition is the most common comorbid disease associated with GERD?
A. Adult-onset asthma.
B. Pancreatitis.
C. Peptic ulcer disease.
D. Increased gastric emptying.
Explanation: GERD is commonly associated with adult-onset asthma due to acid reflux irritating the airways, leading to bronchospasm. Pancreatitis and peptic ulcer disease are less directly linked, and increased gastric emptying is not a typical comorbidity.
Question 4 of 5.
The nurse is performing an admission assessment on a client diagnosed with GERD. Which signs and symptoms would indicate GERD?
A. Pyrosis, water brash, and flatulence.
B. Weight loss, dysarthria, and diarrhea.
C. Decreased abdominal fat, proteinuria, and constipation.
D. Midepigastric pain, positive H. pylori test, and melena.
Explanation: Pyrosis (heartburn), water brash (regurgitation of sour fluid), and flatulence are classic symptoms of GERD due to acid reflux and gas buildup. The other options include symptoms more associated with other conditions like peptic ulcer disease or systemic disorders.
Question 5 of 5.
The client is diagnosed with an acute exacerbation of ulcerative colitis. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
A. Provide a low-residue diet.
B. Rest the client's bowel.
C. Assess vital signs daily.
D. Administer antacids orally.
Explanation: During an acute exacerbation of ulcerative colitis, resting the bowel (often via NPO status or clear liquids) reduces inflammation and irritation. A low-residue diet is used in stable phases, daily vital signs are routine, and antacids are irrelevant.
Related Questions