NCLEX Endocrine Questions
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Question 1 of 5.
The client has developed iatrogenic Cushing's disease. Which statement is the scientific rationale for the development of this diagnosis?
A. The client has an autoimmune problem causing the destruction of the adrenal cortex.
B. The client has been taking steroid medications for an extended period for another disease process.
C. The client has a pituitary gland tumor causing the adrenal glands to produce too much cortisol.
D. The client has developed an adrenal gland problem for which the health-care provider does not have an explanation.
Explanation: Iatrogenic Cushing's results from prolonged exogenous steroid use, mimicking endogenous hypercortisolism. Autoimmune issues, pituitary tumors, and idiopathic causes are incorrect.
Question 2 of 5.
The nurse administered 28 units of Humulin N, an intermediate-acting insulin, to a client diagnosed with type 1 diabetes at 1600. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
A. Ensure the client eats the bedtime snack.
B. Determine how much food the client ate at lunch.
C. Perform a glucometer reading at 0700.
D. Offer the client protein after administering insulin.
Explanation: Humulin N peaks in 4–12 hours, risking nocturnal hypoglycemia. A bedtime snack prevents this. Lunch intake is irrelevant, morning glucose checks are too late, and protein alone is insufficient.
Question 3 of 5.
The client with type 2 diabetes controlled with biguanide oral diabetic medication is scheduled for a computed tomography (CT) scan with contrast of the abdomen to evaluate pancreatic function. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
A. Provide a high-fat diet 24 hours prior to test.
B. Hold the biguanide medication for 48 hours prior to test.
C. Obtain an informed consent form for the test.
D. Administer pancreatic enzymes prior to the test.
Explanation: Biguanides (e.g., metformin) are held 48 hours before contrast CT to prevent lactic acidosis due to contrast-induced kidney injury. High-fat diets, consent, and enzymes are irrelevant.
Question 4 of 5.
The client diagnosed with type 2 diabetes is admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome (HHNS) coma. Which assessment data should the nurse expect the client to exhibit?
A. Kussmaul's respirations.
B. Diarrhea and epigastric pain.
C. Dry mucous membranes.
D. Ketone breath odor.
Explanation: HHNS causes severe dehydration, leading to dry mucous membranes. Kussmaul's respirations and ketone odor are DKA-specific, and diarrhea/pain are less common.
Question 5 of 5.
Which assessment data indicate the client diagnosed with diabetic ketoacidosis is responding to the medical treatment?
A. The client has tented skin turgor and dry mucous membranes.
B. The client is alert and oriented to date, time, and place.
C. The client's ABG results are pH 7.29, PaCO2 44, HCO3 15.
D. The client's serum potassium level is 3.3 mEq/L.
Explanation: Alertness and orientation indicate resolving DKA, as cerebral function improves. Persistent dehydration, acidosis (pH 7.29), and hypokalemia are not signs of improvement.
Related Questions
Which laboratory data indicate to the nurse the client's pancreatitis is improving?
Which question should the nurse ask when assessing the client for an endocrine dysfunction?
Which nursing intervention is essential for monitoring the client's condition?
Which nursing diagnosis should the nursing team consider when developing this client's care plan?