Hematology NCLEX Practice Questions
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Question 1 of 5.
The client diagnosed with sickle cell disease is experiencing a vaso-occlusive crisis. Which priority interventions should the nurse implement?
A. Maintain IV fluids and administer pain medication prn.
B. Encourage frequent ambulation in the hallways.
C. Administer oxygen via nasal cannula at 10 LPM.
D. Monitor the client's red blood cell count every four (4) hours.
Explanation: IV fluids and pain medication (A) prevent sickling and manage vaso-occlusive crisis pain. Ambulation (B) risks hypoxia, 10 LPM oxygen (C) is excessive, and RBC monitoring (D) is not primary.
Question 2 of 5.
The client diagnosed with leukemia is being admitted for an induction course of chemotherapy. Which laboratory values indicate a diagnosis of leukemia?
A. A left shift in the white blood cell (WBC) count differential.
B. A large number of WBCs that decreases after the administration of antibiotics.
C. An abnormally low hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (Hct) level.
D. Red blood cells (RBCs) that are larger than normal.
Explanation: Leukemia causes bone marrow suppression, leading to low Hb/Hct (C). Left shift (A) indicates infection, antibiotic response (B) suggests infection, and large RBCs (D) indicate megaloblastic anemia.
Question 3 of 5.
The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia. Which assessment data warrant immediate intervention?
A. T 99, P 102, R 22, and BP 132/68.
B. Hyperplasia of the gums.
C. Weakness and fatigue.
D. Pain in the left upper quadrant.
Explanation: Left upper quadrant pain (D) suggests splenic rupture, a life-threatening AML complication. Vitals (A) are stable, gum hyperplasia (B) is expected, and fatigue (C) is common.
Question 4 of 5.
The nurse writes the problem of 'grieving' for a client diagnosed with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Which collaborative intervention should be included in the plan of care?
A. Encourage the client to talk about feelings of loss.
B. Arrange for the family to plan a memorable outing.
C. Refer the client to the American Cancer Society's Dialogue group.
D. Have the chaplain visit with the client.
Explanation: Grieving requires collaborative support; ACS Dialogue group (C) provides peer support. Talking (A) is independent, outings (B) are nonspecific, and chaplain visits (D) are spiritual, not primary.
Question 5 of 5.
The 33-year-old client diagnosed with Stage IV Hodgkin's lymphoma is at the five (5)-year remission mark. Which information should the nurse teach the client?
A. Instruct the client to continue scheduled screenings for cancer.
B. Discuss the need for follow-up appointments every five (5) years.
C. Teach the client that the cancer risk is the same as for the general population.
D. Have the client talk with the family about funeral arrangements.
Explanation: Post-remission Hodgkin's requires ongoing cancer screenings (A) due to recurrence/second cancer risk. Follow-ups are more frequent than 5 years (B), risk remains elevated (C), and funeral plans (D) are premature.
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