Cardiovascular System NCLEX RN Questions
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Question 1 of 5.
Extract:The following scenario applies to the next 1 items The nurse in the emergency department is caring for a 58-year-old male client. Item 1 of 1 History & Physical Vital Signs Laboratory Physician: > 1600: 58-year-old client with a history of hypertension and diabetes mellitus (type one) reports headaches and elevated blood pressure. The client reported the headaches started one day ago and have worsened. The client reports not taking his prescribed medications because he lost his health insurance. His prescribed antihypertensive medications were clonidine and enalapril. The client has a flushed appearance on exam, endorses a generalized headache, and blurred vision.
Complete the diagram by dragging from the choices below to specify what condition the client is most likely experiencing, two (2) actions the nurse should take to address that condition, and two (2) parameters the nurse should monitor to assess the client's progress.
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Explanation: The client is likely experiencing a hypertensive emergency due to elevated BP, headache, and blurred vision. Actions: E - Nitroprusside lowers BP rapidly; D - Semi-Fowler's position reduces cardiac workload. Parameters: Blood Pressure monitors treatment efficacy; Thiocyanate levels ensure nitroprusside safety.
Question 2 of 5.
The nurse is caring for a client with the below tracing on the electrocardiogram. The nurse should expect the client to demonstrate which clinical manifestation in conjunction with this electrocardiogram tracing? See the exhibit.
A. Jugular venous distention (JVD)
B. Systolic murmur
C. Irregular pulse
D. Widened pulse pressure
Explanation: An irregular ECG tracing, such as in atrial fibrillation, typically correlates with an irregular pulse due to inconsistent ventricular contractions.
Question 3 of 5.
The nurse is caring for a client who was recently admitted to the cardiac floor for angina. This client states that their chest pain occurs at the same time every day at rest. The client does not believe there are any precipitating factors. Which of the following types of angina is this client most likely experiencing?
A. Variant angina
B. Stable angina
C. Unstable angina
D. Nonanginal pain
Explanation: Variant (Prinzmetal's) angina occurs at rest, often at predictable times, due to coronary artery spasm, not exertion, unlike stable or unstable angina.
Question 4 of 5.
The nurse assesses the following electrocardiogram (ECG) strips for assigned clients. The nurse should immediately follow up with the client with which ECG strip?
A
B
C
D
Explanation: Without specific ECG details, the nurse prioritizes the strip indicating life-threatening arrhythmias (e.g., ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation) requiring immediate intervention.
Question 5 of 5.
The nurse is caring for a client with cardiac tamponade. Which vital signs are expected?
A. HR: 109 bpm; RR: 26; BP: 88/71 mmHg
B. HR: 90 bpm; RR: 32; BP: 90/52 mmHg
C. HR: 115 bpm; RR: 22; BP: 140/78 mmHg
D. HR: 54 bpm; RR: 14; BP: 161/52 mmHg
Explanation: Cardiac tamponade causes tachycardia (HR >100), increased respiratory rate, and hypotension due to restricted cardiac output.
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