Which of the following would differentiate acute from chronic respirat

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Question 1 of 5.

Which of the following would differentiate acute from chronic respiratory acidosis in the assessment of the trauma client?

A. Increased PaCO2

B. Decreased PaO2

C. Increased HCO3

D. Decreased base excess

Explanation: Increased PaCO2 is present in both acute and chronic respiratory acidosis due to hypoventilation. Decreased PaO2 may occur in respiratory acidosis but does not differentiate acute from chronic. Increased HCO3 indicates renal compensation, which occurs in chronic respiratory acidosis as the body attempts to buffer the excess CO2, but not in acute cases where compensation has not yet occurred. Decreased base excess is not specific to differentiating acute from chronic respiratory acidosis.

Question 2 of 5.

A client is admitted with disseminated herpes zoster (shingles). According to the Centers for Disease Control Guidelines for Infection Control:

A. Airborne precautions will be needed.

B. No special precautions will be needed.

C. Only contact precautions will be needed.

D. Droplet precautions will be needed.

Explanation: Disseminated herpes zoster requires airborne precautions because the varicella-zoster virus can spread through respiratory droplets in immunocompromised patients.

Question 3 of 5.

The nurse is caring for an adolescent with a five-year history of bulimia. A common clinical finding in the client with bulimia is:

A. Extreme weight loss

B. Dental caries

C. Hair loss

D. Decreased temperature

Explanation: Frequent vomiting in bulimia exposes teeth to stomach acid, leading to dental caries (tooth decay), a common clinical finding.

Question 4 of 5.

The nurse is providing dietary teaching for a client with hypertension. Which food should be avoided by the client on a sodium-restricted diet?

A. Dried beans

B. Swiss cheese

C. Peanut butter

D. Colby cheese

Explanation: Colby cheese is high in sodium, which should be avoided on a sodium-restricted diet to manage hypertension, unlike the other options, which are lower in sodium.

Question 5 of 5.

The nurse caring for a client with closed chest drainage notes that the collection chamber is full.

A. Add more water to the suction-control chamber.

B. Remove the drainage using a 60 mL syringe.

C. Milk the tubing to facilitate drainage.

D. Prepare a new unit for continuing collection.

Explanation: A full collection chamber requires replacing the chest drainage unit to maintain effective drainage and prevent complications like tension pneumothorax.

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