PN NCLEX Practice Exam
Question 1 of 5.
The nurse is caring for a client with a terminal illness who is expected to die during the shift. The nurse notes that the client has loud, wet respirations. Which of the following medications would effectively treat this finding?
A. IM lorazepam
B. sublingual atropine
C. transdermal fentanyl
D. sublingual ondansetron
Explanation: Sublingual atropine (B) reduces salivary secretions, alleviating 'death rattle.' Lorazepam (A) is for anxiety, fentanyl (C) for pain, and ondansetron (D) for nausea.
Question 2 of 5.
The LPN is caring for a woman who delivered a healthy 7-lb baby boy 24 hours ago. Baseline vital signs were blood pressure (BP)=90/64, temperature (T)=97.6°F, pulse (P)=72, and respirations (R)=14. Which finding is of greatest concern?
A. The woman has red vaginal drainage on her perineal pad.
B. The woman complains of uterine cramping.
C. The woman is drinking large amounts of water.
D. The woman's vital signs are now BP=129/82, T=98.4°F, P=76, and R=16.
Explanation: The significant rise in BP to 129/82 from 90/64 may indicate postpartum complications like preeclampsia, requiring immediate assessment. Red drainage, cramping, and increased water intake are normal postpartum findings.
Question 3 of 5.
An adult is prescribed sulfisoxazole (Gantrisin) for a urinary tract infection. Which comment by the client indicates understanding of the treatment regimen?
A. When I feel better, I can stop taking the medicine.
B. I will stay out of the sun when I am taking this drug.
C. I should restrict fluids during the evening as long as I am on the medicine.
D. I will bring in a urine specimen every day while I am taking the drug.
Explanation: Sulfisoxazole causes photosensitivity; avoiding sun exposure is critical to prevent skin reactions, indicating understanding.
Question 4 of 5.
An adult comes to the physician's office with a history of headache yesterday and today and pain in the back. The nurse observes a horizontal band of pustular rash on the back extending from the spine to midline in the front. The client describes it as very painful. What would the nurse expect to be prescribed for this client?
A. Antiviral
B. Antibiotics
C. Topical hydrocortisone
D. Benadryl
Explanation: The painful, unilateral, dermatomal pustular rash suggests herpes zoster (shingles), treated with antivirals like acyclovir.
Question 5 of 5.
An adult has been taking captopril (Capoten) for hypertension. The client tells the nurse that he has a dry cough and sometimes gets dizzy when he stands up. What conclusions should the nurse make regarding this client?
A. The client is having severe side effects and should discontinue the drug until after he sees his physician.
B. Dizziness is a common side effect of antihypertensives. The cough is probably unrelated to the medication.
C. A dry cough is a common side effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. The client should stand up slowly to avoid orthostatic hypotension, a common side effect of antihypertensives.
D. Cough is a serious side effect and usually results in discontinuing the medication. The dizziness will get better with time.
Explanation: Dry cough and orthostatic hypotension are common ACE inhibitor side effects; slow position changes mitigate dizziness, and cough may require evaluation.
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