NCLEX Trainer Test 9
Question 1 of 5.
The mother of a 3 month-old infant tells the nurse that she wants to change from formula to whole milk and add cereal and meats to the diet. What should be emphasized as the nurse teaches about infant nutrition?
A. Solid foods should be introduced at 3-4 months
B. Whole milk is difficult for a young infant to digest
C. Fluoridated tap water should be used to dilute milk
D. Supplemental apple juice can be used between feedings
Explanation: Cow's milk is not given to infants younger than 1 year because the tough, hard curd is difficult to digest. In addition, it contains little iron and creates a high renal solute load.
Question 2 of 5.
The nurse is caring for an older adult in his home. Which of the following factors increase the client's risk for falls? Select all that apply.
A. The client is 78 years old.
B. The home is a one-story home.
C. There are several scatter rugs on the hardwood floors.
D. The client's wife does all of the housework.
E. There are handrails in the bathroom.
F. There are several plants in the living room.
Explanation: Age over 65, scatter rugs, and obstacles like plants increase fall risk. A one-story home, handrails, and the wife's housework reduce risk.
Question 3 of 5.
An adult is hospitalized for heart failure. Hydrochlorothiazide and digoxin are prescribed. What laboratory test(s) should the nurse monitor because the client is taking these medications?
A. CBC and differential
B. Serum creatinine and BUN
C. Cardiac enzymes
D. Serum electrolytes
Explanation: Hydrochlorothiazide and digoxin can cause electrolyte imbalances (e.g., hypokalemia), increasing digoxin toxicity risk, necessitating serum electrolyte monitoring.
Question 4 of 5.
An adult is admitted through the outpatient department for elective surgery today. The client is coughing and sneezing and has a temperature of 100.6°F. What should the nurse do next?
A. Prepare the client for surgery as scheduled
B. Explain to the client that a cold increases risks during surgery and ask if he/she is willing to assume those risks
C. Call the physician before continuing preparations for surgery
D. Ask what type of anesthesia the client is receiving
Explanation: Infection increases surgical risks; notifying the physician allows for evaluation and possible postponement.
Question 5 of 5.
An adult is taking digoxin and furosemide. Which laboratory value is of greatest concern to the nurse?
A. Serum digoxin of 1.2 ng/mL
B. Serum K+ of 3.0 mEq/L
C. BUN of 12 mg/dL
D. Serum Mg of 1.6 mEq/L
Explanation: Furosemide, a diuretic, can cause hypokalemia (low potassium), increasing the risk of digoxin toxicity. A serum K+ of 3.0 mEq/L is below normal (3.5-5.0 mEq/L), posing a significant risk. The digoxin level is therapeutic (0.5-2.0 ng/mL), and BUN and Mg are within normal ranges.
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