NCLEX RN Practice Questions Free

Home / Nursing & Allied Health Certifications / NCLEX RN

Question 1 of 5.

Decreased pulmonary blood flow, right-to-left shunting, and deoxygenated blood reaching the systemic circulation are characteristic of:

A. Tetralogy of Fallot

B. Ventricular septal defect

C. Patent ductus arteriosus

D. Transposition of the great arteries

Explanation: Tetralogy of Fallot is the most common cyanotic heart defect, which includes a VSD, pulmonary stenosis, an overriding aorta, and ventricular hypertrophy. The blood flow is obstructed because the pulmonary stenosis decreases the pulmonary blood flow and shunts blood through the VSD, creating a right-to-left shunt that allows deoxygenated blood to reach the systemic circulation. A VSD alone creates a left-to-right shunt. The pressure in the left ventricle is greater than that of the right; therefore, the blood will shunt from the left ventricle to the right ventricle, increasing the blood flow to the lungs. No deoxygenated blood will reach the Systemic circulation. In patent ductus arteriosus, the pressure in the aorta is greater than in the pulmonary artery, creating a left-to-right shunt. Oxygenated blood from the aorta flows into the unoxygenated blood of the pulmonary artery. Transposition of the great arteries results in two separate and parallel circulatory systems. The only mixing or shunting of blood is based on the presence of associated lesions.

Question 2 of 5.

A client is admitted with disseminated herpes zoster (shingles). According to the Centers for Disease Control Guidelines for Infection Control:

A. Airborne precautions will be needed.

B. No special precautions will be needed.

C. Only contact precautions will be needed.

D. Droplet precautions will be needed.

Explanation: Disseminated herpes zoster requires airborne precautions because the varicella-zoster virus can spread through respiratory droplets in immunocompromised patients.

Question 3 of 5.

The nurse is caring for an adolescent with a five-year history of bulimia. A common clinical finding in the client with bulimia is:

A. Extreme weight loss

B. Dental caries

C. Hair loss

D. Decreased temperature

Explanation: Frequent vomiting in bulimia exposes teeth to stomach acid, leading to dental caries (tooth decay), a common clinical finding.

Question 4 of 5.

The nurse is providing dietary teaching for a client with hypertension. Which food should be avoided by the client on a sodium-restricted diet?

A. Dried beans

B. Swiss cheese

C. Peanut butter

D. Colby cheese

Explanation: Colby cheese is high in sodium, which should be avoided on a sodium-restricted diet to manage hypertension, unlike the other options, which are lower in sodium.

Question 5 of 5.

The nurse caring for a client with closed chest drainage notes that the collection chamber is full.

A. Add more water to the suction-control chamber.

B. Remove the drainage using a 60 mL syringe.

C. Milk the tubing to facilitate drainage.

D. Prepare a new unit for continuing collection.

Explanation: A full collection chamber requires replacing the chest drainage unit to maintain effective drainage and prevent complications like tension pneumothorax.