NCLEX Trainer Test 4
Question 1 of 5.
A client with a peptic ulcer had a partial gastrectomy and vagotomy (Billroth I).
A. What should the nurse caution the client about to prevent dumping syndrome post-gastrectomy?
B. Sit up for at least 30 minutes after eating.
C. Avoid fluids between meals.
D. Increase the intake of high-carbohydrate foods.
E. Avoid eating large meals that are high in simple sugars and liquids.
Explanation: To prevent dumping syndrome, the client should avoid large meals high in simple sugars and liquids, which can cause rapid gastric emptying. The client should recline after meals, drink fluids between meals, and reduce carbohydrate intake to stabilize digestion.
Question 2 of 5.
The nurse is caring for an adult who is enrolled in a study involving an experimental drug. The client says to the nurse, 'I don't think I can stand the vomiting anymore. I think it is due to the drug I am taking. If only I could get out of this study I signed up for. That was a really stupid thing I did when I signed up for the study.' What information must the nurse include when responding to the client?
A. If the client signed the proper forms, the client is committed to the study.
B. Persons who have signed up for a study may opt out of the study at any time.
C. The person should discuss his/her concerns with the researchers.
D. Inform the client that there are drugs that can control nausea.
Explanation: Participants can withdraw from research studies at any time, per ethical research guidelines, ensuring autonomy and safety.
Question 3 of 5.
Lithium carbonate is prescribed for an adult. The nurse knows the client is most likely to have which condition?
A. Depression
B. Mania
C. Schizophrenia
D. Paranoia
Explanation: Lithium carbonate is primarily used to stabilize mood in bipolar disorder, particularly for mania.
Question 4 of 5.
An adult is admitted in diabetic ketoacidosis. What observation by the nurse is consistent with the diagnosis?
A. Deep respirations
B. Foul breath
C. Constipation
D. Red rash
Explanation: Deep, rapid (Kussmaul) respirations are a compensatory mechanism in diabetic ketoacidosis to eliminate excess CO2, correcting acidosis.
Question 5 of 5.
The nurse is caring for a client who had a myocardial infarction yesterday and received alteplase (tPA). The client's spouse asks the nurse why that medication was given. What should the nurse include when replying?
A. Alteplase (tPA) is given to relieve the pain of a heart attack.
B. Alteplase (tPA) dissolves the clot that is blocking a coronary artery.
C. Alteplase (tPA) prevents new clots from forming and existing clots from getting bigger.
D. Alteplase (tPA) helps the heart muscle to repair itself.
Explanation: Alteplase (tPA) is a thrombolytic drug and dissolves the clot that is blocking a coronary artery. It does not relieve pain, prevent new clots from forming, or help the heart muscle to heal.