NCLEX RN Predictor Exam
Question 1 of 5.
A 44-year-old female client is receiving external radiation to her scapula for metastasis of breast cancer. Teaching related to skin care for the client would include which of the following?
A. Teach her to completely clean the skin to remove all ointments and markings after each treatment.
B. Teach her to cover broken skin in the treated area with a medicated ointment.
C. Encourage her to wear a tight-fitting vest to support her scapula.
D. Encourage her to avoid direct sunlight on the area being treated.
Explanation: The skin in a treatment area should be rinsed with water and patted dry. Markings should be left intact, and the skin should not be scrubbed. Clients should avoid putting any creams or lotions on the treated area. This could interfere with treatment. Radiation therapy clients should wear loose-fitting clothes and avoid tight, irritating fabrics. The area of skin being treated is sensitive to sunlight, and the client should take care to prevent sun damage by avoiding direct sunlight and covering the area when she is in the sun.
Question 2 of 5.
A diagnosis of multiple sclerosis is often delayed because of the varied symptoms experienced by those affected with the disease. Which symptom is most common in those with multiple sclerosis?
A. Resting tremors
B. Double vision
C. Flaccid paralysis
D. Pill-rolling tremors
Explanation: Double vision (diplopia) is a common early symptom of multiple sclerosis due to demyelination affecting the optic nerves or brainstem.
Question 3 of 5.
A child with Down syndrome has a developmental age of four years. According to the Denver Developmental Assessment, the four-year-old should be able to:
A. Draw a man in six parts
B. Give his first and last name
C. Dress without supervision
D. Define a list of words
Explanation: Per the Denver Developmental Screening Test, a four-year-old should be able to state their first and last name, a milestone achievable despite Down syndrome delays.
Question 4 of 5.
Parents of a toddler are dismayed when they learn that their child has Duchenne's muscular dystrophy. Which statement describes the inheritance pattern of the disorder?
A. An affected gene is located on one of the 21 pairs of autosomes.
B. The disorder is caused by an over-replication of the X chromosome in males.
C. The affected gene is located on the Y chromosome of the father.
D. The affected gene is located on the X chromosome of the mother.
Explanation: Duchenne's muscular dystrophy is an X-linked recessive disorder, with the affected gene on the mother's X chromosome, primarily affecting males.
Question 5 of 5.
The physician has ordered an infusion of Osmitrol (mannitol) for a client with increased intracranial pressure. Which finding indicates the direct effectiveness of the drug?
A. Increased pulse rate
B. Increased urinary output
C. Decreased diastolic blood pressure
D. Increased pupil size
Explanation: Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic that reduces intracranial pressure by increasing urinary output, drawing fluid from the brain.
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