An online proctoring system is a technology-enabled service that allows exams to be supervised remotely over the internet, ensuring academic integrity outside of a traditional testing center. The core function of any online proctoring system is to replicate the vigilance of an in-person proctor by using a test-taker’s webcam, microphone, and computer to monitor for suspicious activity. These systems are crucial for universities and certification bodies to validate that the person registered for the exam is the one taking it, and that they are following all exam rules. Understanding the different types is key to grasping how an online proctoring system operates, as they range from fully automated to live human proctoring.
There are three primary models of an online proctoring system. The first is Automated Proctoring, where an AI monitors the exam in real-time. The AI flags potential misconduct, such as the student looking away from the screen, detecting a second person in the room, or hearing prohibited voices. A recording and report are then sent to the instructor for review. The second is Live Online Proctoring, which involves a real human proctor who watches several students simultaneously via webcam in real-time. This proctor can intervene directly if they see a rule violation. The third model is Recorded Proctoring, where the online proctoring system captures all video, audio, and screen activity without a live proctor present; a recording is then made available for the instructor to review after the exam is complete.
Common features across these systems include identity verification via photo ID, a secure browser that locks down the computer, and a room scan before the test begins. The overarching goal of an online proctoring system is to create a fair and equitable testing environment for all participants, regardless of their physical location.