Praxis 5857
Question 1 of 5.
Which of the following statements best illustrates the use of an I-message?
A. "When you took my CD, I felt angry because you didn't ask me first."
B. "I think you're so rude for taking my CD."
C. "I hate it when you make me feel angry about things."
D. "I can't stand it when people like you take other people's things."
Explanation: An I-message is a communication technique that expresses feelings and thoughts in a non-blaming way, focusing on the speaker's emotions rather than judging the listener. The structure is typically "I feel [emotion] when [behavior] because [impact]." Choice A ("When you took my CD, I felt angry because you didn't ask me first.") is the best example because it directly states the speaker's feeling, the behavior that caused it, and the impact on the speaker, without accusatory 'you' statements. Choices B, C, and D are accusatory, use judgmental language ('rude,' 'hate it,' 'can't stand it'), and focus on the other person's character or actions rather than the speaker's feelings, making them 'you-messages' instead of 'I-messages.'
Question 2 of 5.
Listing possible solutions to problems and the consequences of behavior are steps most closely associated with the teaching of which of the following social skills?
A. Refusal
B. Goal setting
C. Decision making
D. Negotiation
Explanation: The process of listing possible solutions and evaluating the consequences of behavior is a fundamental component of 'decision making' (choice C). This systematic approach helps individuals weigh options and choose the most appropriate course of action. Refusal skills (choice A) involve strategies to decline peer pressure. Goal setting (choice B) involves identifying objectives and planning steps to achieve them. Negotiation (choice D) involves finding mutually acceptable solutions in a conflict. While elements of these skills might involve some level of decision-making, choice C directly encompasses the specified steps.
Question 3 of 5.
Which of the following health education standards represents the highest level of health literacy?
A. Self-management
B. Interpersonal communication
C. Understanding core concepts
D. Accessing information
Explanation: Health literacy involves the ability to obtain, process, and understand basic health information and services needed to make appropriate health decisions. 'Self-management' (choice A) represents the highest level because it involves applying health knowledge and skills to make personal decisions and take action to promote one's own health and well-being. Understanding core concepts (choice C) and accessing information (choice D) are foundational components of health literacy. Interpersonal communication (choice B) is a skill used to obtain or share information, but self-management integrates all these components into actionable behavior.
Question 4 of 5.
Rohypnol, GHB, ketamine, and alcohol have all been associated to which of the following?
A. Sexual assault
B. Motor vehicle accidents
C. Suicide
D. Gang initiations
Explanation: Rohypnol, GHB, and ketamine are known as 'date rape drugs' because they can incapacitate victims, making them vulnerable to 'sexual assault' (choice A). Alcohol, while not a date rape drug, can also impair judgment and lower inhibitions, making individuals more susceptible to sexual assault. While these substances can also contribute to motor vehicle accidents (choice B), and alcohol abuse is linked to suicide (choice C) and gang violence (choice D), their common association as a group (especially the first three) is with facilitating sexual assault.
Question 5 of 5.
The fight-or-flight response occurs when which of the following is triggered as a person perceives a real or imaginary stressor?
A. Integumentary system
B. Lymphatic system
C. Autonomic nervous system
D. Muscular system
Explanation: The fight-or-flight response is primarily mediated by the 'autonomic nervous system' (choice C), specifically its sympathetic branch. When a stressor is perceived, the sympathetic nervous system rapidly activates, releasing hormones like adrenaline and noradrenaline, which prepare the body for immediate action (increased heart rate, breathing, blood flow to muscles). The integumentary system (choice A) relates to skin, hair, and nails. The lymphatic system (choice B) is part of the immune system. The muscular system (choice D) is directly involved in the physical actions of fight or flight, but its activation is controlled by the autonomic nervous system.
Related Questions
Which of the following is the last step in the decision-making process?