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Question 1 of 5.

Extract:Abraham Lincoln was the sixteenth president of the United States. Being one of the tallest presidents, he cast a long shadow over those he spoke to from the podium and offered his audience a significant presence. He was perhaps one of the most eloquent orators of all time, moving people to action and rearranging the social construct of the country. Other presidents who changed the country through their moving speeches include Roosevelt, through his famous fireside chats, and Kennedy, through his television broadcasts

The author of the passage primarily expresses opinions about which of the following?

A. Abraham Lincoln’s influence on Roosevelt and Kennedy

B. Abraham Lincoln’s triumphs as a respected politician

C. Abraham Lincoln’s strengths as a public speaker

D. Abraham Lincoln’s preference for using public speaking to sway popular opinion

Explanation: The passage praises Lincoln’s eloquence and ability to move audiences, focusing on his oratory skills. It does not discuss his influence on other presidents (A), as they are only briefly mentioned; nor his political triumphs (B), as no specific achievements are noted; nor his preference for public speaking (D), as intent is not addressed. The opinion centers on his speaking strengths.

Question 2 of 5.

Which of the following types of pathogens cause influenza in humans?

A. Bacterium

B. Virus

C. Fungus

D. Protozoan

Explanation: Influenza is caused by influenza viruses (family Orthomyxoviridae). Bacteria, fungi, and protozoa can cause other types of infections, but the flu is specifically a viral disease.

Question 3 of 5.

Which of the following articles will best help students understand the literary context of Langston Hughes’s poetry?

A. Technological Modernization and its Influence on Literary Forms

B. The Transcendentalists: Philosophical Beliefs Inspire a Literary Movement

C. How Economic Migration Contributed to an Artistic Revival

D. The Lost Generation: New Methods of Waging War Lead to New Approaches to Art

Explanation: Langston Hughes was a central figure of the Harlem Renaissance—a flourishing of Black art and literature in northern cities driven largely by the Great Migration of African Americans out of the rural South. An article on how economic migration spurred an artistic revival directly illuminates the social and cultural forces that shaped Hughes’s work.

Question 4 of 5.

The period of intense intellectual and artistic endeavor known as the Renaissance began in Italy in the mid-fourteenth century and centered on the ____.

A. recovery of classical learning and Christian theology

B. rejection of transferring pollen between the flowers of a plant

C. return to a medieval worldview of the primacy of the Church and the veneration of images in worship

D. revival of learning in Latin and Greek as well as the spread of writing in the vernacular

Explanation: The Renaissance—literally “rebirth”—marked a renewed interest in the literature, philosophy, and languages of ancient Greece and Rome. Scholars studied Latin and Greek texts and began writing serious works in their native tongues, breaking from the exclusively Church-centered medieval tradition.

Question 5 of 5.

A circular playground has an area of 314 square feet. Which of the following is the best estimate of the radius, in feet, of the playground?

A. 10 feet

B. 25 feet

C. 50 feet

D. 100 feet

Explanation: The area of a circle is given by A = πr². Given A = 314 ft², we approximate π ≈ 3.14, so r² ≈ 314 ÷ 3.14 ≈ 100, and r ≈ √100 = 10 feet. Choices B, C, and D yield areas far larger than 314 ft² when computed (e.g., r = 25 gives A ≈ 1962.5 ft²).

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