Praxis 5857
Question 1 of 5.
A student, Len, falls and hits his head on the floor during an activity in class. Which of the following is the most likely physical indication that Len has suffered a concussion?
A. Having difficulty answering questions
B. Experiencing nausea or vomiting
C. Behaving in an irritated, embarrassed manner
D. Feeling as though he is moving slowly
Explanation: Nausea and vomiting (choice B) are classic physical symptoms of a concussion, indicating a disruption to brain function. While difficulty answering questions (choice A) and feeling as though he is moving slowly (choice D) are cognitive or motor symptoms that can occur with a concussion, and irritated or embarrassed behavior (choice C) is a behavioral/emotional symptom, nausea/vomiting is a direct physical manifestation of the physiological upset. The question specifically asks for a 'physical indication.'
Question 2 of 5.
Listing possible solutions to problems and the consequences of behavior are steps most closely associated with the teaching of which of the following social skills?
A. Refusal
B. Goal setting
C. Decision making
D. Negotiation
Explanation: The process of listing possible solutions and evaluating the consequences of behavior is a fundamental component of 'decision making' (choice C). This systematic approach helps individuals weigh options and choose the most appropriate course of action. Refusal skills (choice A) involve strategies to decline peer pressure. Goal setting (choice B) involves identifying objectives and planning steps to achieve them. Negotiation (choice D) involves finding mutually acceptable solutions in a conflict. While elements of these skills might involve some level of decision-making, choice C directly encompasses the specified steps.
Question 3 of 5.
Which of the following health education standards represents the highest level of health literacy?
A. Self-management
B. Interpersonal communication
C. Understanding core concepts
D. Accessing information
Explanation: Health literacy involves the ability to obtain, process, and understand basic health information and services needed to make appropriate health decisions. 'Self-management' (choice A) represents the highest level because it involves applying health knowledge and skills to make personal decisions and take action to promote one's own health and well-being. Understanding core concepts (choice C) and accessing information (choice D) are foundational components of health literacy. Interpersonal communication (choice B) is a skill used to obtain or share information, but self-management integrates all these components into actionable behavior.
Question 4 of 5.
Rohypnol, GHB, ketamine, and alcohol have all been associated to which of the following?
A. Sexual assault
B. Motor vehicle accidents
C. Suicide
D. Gang initiations
Explanation: Rohypnol, GHB, and ketamine are known as 'date rape drugs' because they can incapacitate victims, making them vulnerable to 'sexual assault' (choice A). Alcohol, while not a date rape drug, can also impair judgment and lower inhibitions, making individuals more susceptible to sexual assault. While these substances can also contribute to motor vehicle accidents (choice B), and alcohol abuse is linked to suicide (choice C) and gang violence (choice D), their common association as a group (especially the first three) is with facilitating sexual assault.
Question 5 of 5.
The fight-or-flight response occurs when which of the following is triggered as a person perceives a real or imaginary stressor?
A. Integumentary system
B. Lymphatic system
C. Autonomic nervous system
D. Muscular system
Explanation: The fight-or-flight response is primarily mediated by the 'autonomic nervous system' (choice C), specifically its sympathetic branch. When a stressor is perceived, the sympathetic nervous system rapidly activates, releasing hormones like adrenaline and noradrenaline, which prepare the body for immediate action (increased heart rate, breathing, blood flow to muscles). The integumentary system (choice A) relates to skin, hair, and nails. The lymphatic system (choice B) is part of the immune system. The muscular system (choice D) is directly involved in the physical actions of fight or flight, but its activation is controlled by the autonomic nervous system.
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